一个用于控制和监控支持smart技术的硬盘的命令。通常配合-a选项我们可以查看到比较详尽的硬盘信息（比如序列号、硬盘容量、已运行时间、硬盘健康状况等）接下来www.gui2000.com为大家详细的介绍一下smartctl命令详细使用方法，有需要的小伙伴可以参考一下：
1、什么是S.M.A.R.T.？
硬盘的SMART是S.M.A.R.T.的缩写，全称是“Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology”，中文意思是“自我监测分析与报告技术”，它可以对硬盘的温度、内部电路、盘片表面介质材料等进行监测，力求及时分析出硬盘可能发出的问题，并发出警告，从而保护数据不受损失。在Linux上使用smartctl命令查看硬盘的SMART信息。
2、安装smartmontools工具包：
smartctl命令默认在系统中不存在，需要安装smartmontools工具包之后才能使用。
[[email protected] ~]# yum install smartmontools Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn * extras: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn * updates: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package smartmontools.x86_64 1:7.0-2.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mailx for package: 1:smartmontools-7.0-2.el7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package mailx.x86_64 0:12.5-19.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Installing: smartmontools x86_64 1:7.0-2.el7 base 546 k Installing for dependencies: mailx x86_64 12.5-19.el7 base 245 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Install 1 Package (+1 Dependent package) Total download size: 791 k Installed size: 2.4 M Is this ok [y/d/N]: y Downloading packages: (1/2): mailx-12.5-19.el7.x86_64.rpm | 245 kB 00:00:00 (2/2): smartmontools-7.0-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 546 kB 00:00:00 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 4.3 MB/s | 791 kB 00:00:00 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : mailx-12.5-19.el7.x86_64 1/2 Installing : 1:smartmontools-7.0-2.el7.x86_64 2/2 Verifying : mailx-12.5-19.el7.x86_64 1/2 Verifying : 1:smartmontools-7.0-2.el7.x86_64 2/2 Installed: smartmontools.x86_64 1:7.0-2.el7 Dependency Installed: mailx.x86_64 0:12.5-19.el7 Complete!
3、相关语法：
smartctl [options] device
4、相关参数法：
============================================ SHOW INFORMATION OPTIONS =====
-h, --help, --usage
Display this help and exit
-V, --version, --copyright, --license
Print license, copyright, and version information and exit
-i, --info
Show identity information for device
--identify[=[w][nvb]]
Show words and bits from IDENTIFY DEVICE data (ATA)
-g NAME, --get=NAME
Get device setting: all, aam, apm, dsn, lookahead, security,
wcache, rcache, wcreorder, wcache-sct
-a, --all
Show all SMART information for device
-x, --xall
Show all information for device
--scan
Scan for devices
--scan-open
Scan for devices and try to open each device
================================== SMARTCTL RUN-TIME BEHAVIOR OPTIONS =====
-j, --json[=[cgiosuv]]
Print output in JSON format
-q TYPE, --quietmode=TYPE (ATA)
Set smartctl quiet mode to one of: errorsonly, silent, noserial
-d TYPE, --device=TYPE
Specify device type to one of:
ata, scsi[+TYPE], nvme[,NSID], sat[,auto][,N][+TYPE], usbcypress[,X], usbjmicron[,p][,x][,N], usbprolific, usbsunplus, sntjmicron[,NSID], intelliprop,N[+TYPE], marvell, areca,N/E, 3ware,N, hpt,L/M/N, megaraid,N, aacraid,H,L,ID, cciss,N, auto, test
-T TYPE, --tolerance=TYPE (ATA)
Tolerance: normal, conservative, permissive, verypermissive
-b TYPE, --badsum=TYPE (ATA)
Set action on bad checksum to one of: warn, exit, ignore
-r TYPE, --report=TYPE
Report transactions (see man page)
-n MODE[,STATUS], --nocheck=MODE[,STATUS] (ATA)
No check if: never, sleep, standby, idle (see man page)
============================== DEVICE FEATURE ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS =====
-s VALUE, --smart=VALUE
Enable/disable SMART on device (on/off)
-o VALUE, --offlineauto=VALUE (ATA)
Enable/disable automatic offline testing on device (on/off)
-S VALUE, --saveauto=VALUE (ATA)
Enable/disable Attribute autosave on device (on/off)
-s NAME[,VALUE], --set=NAME[,VALUE]
Enable/disable/change device setting: aam,[N|off], apm,[N|off],
dsn,[on|off], lookahead,[on|off], security-freeze,
standby,[N|off|now], wcache,[on|off], rcache,[on|off],
wcreorder,[on|off[,p]], wcache-sct,[ata|on|off[,p]]
======================================= READ AND DISPLAY DATA OPTIONS =====
-H, --health
Show device SMART health status
-c, --capabilities (ATA, NVMe)
Show device SMART capabilities
-A, --attributes
Show device SMART vendor-specific Attributes and values
-f FORMAT, --format=FORMAT (ATA)
Set output format for attributes: old, brief, hex[,id|val]
-l TYPE, --log=TYPE
Show device log. TYPE: error, selftest, selective, directory[,g|s],
xerror[,N][,error], xselftest[,N][,selftest], background,
sasphy[,reset], sataphy[,reset], scttemp[sts,hist],
scttempint,N[,p], scterc[,N,M], devstat[,N], defects[,N], ssd,
gplog,N[,RANGE], smartlog,N[,RANGE], nvmelog,N,SIZE
-v N,OPTION , --vendorattribute=N,OPTION (ATA)
Set display OPTION for vendor Attribute N (see man page)
-F TYPE, --firmwarebug=TYPE (ATA)
Use firmware bug workaround:
none, nologdir, samsung, samsung2, samsung3, xerrorlba, swapid
-P TYPE, --presets=TYPE (ATA)
Drive-specific presets: use, ignore, show, showall
-B [+]FILE, --drivedb=[+]FILE (ATA)
Read and replace [add] drive database from FILE
[default is +/etc/smartmontools/smart_drivedb.h
and then /usr/share/smartmontools/drivedb.h]
============================================ DEVICE SELF-TEST OPTIONS =====
-t TEST, --test=TEST
Run test. TEST: offline, short, long, conveyance, force, vendor,N,
select,M-N, pending,N, afterselect,[on|off]
-C, --captive
Do test in captive mode (along with -t)
-X, --abort
Abort any non-captive test on device
=================================================== SMARTCTL EXAMPLES =====
smartctl --all /dev/sda (Prints all SMART information)
smartctl --smart=on --offlineauto=on --saveauto=on /dev/sda
(Enables SMART on first disk)
smartctl --test=long /dev/sda (Executes extended disk self-test)
smartctl --attributes --log=selftest --quietmode=errorsonly /dev/sda
(Prints Self-Test & Attribute errors)
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/sda
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/twe0
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/twa0
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/twl0
(Prints all SMART info for 3rd ATA disk on 3ware RAID controller)
smartctl --all --device=hpt,1/1/3 /dev/sda
(Prints all SMART info for the SATA disk attached to the 3rd PMPort
of the 1st channel on the 1st HighPoint RAID controller)
smartctl --all --device=areca,3/1 /dev/sg2
(Prints all SMART info for 3rd ATA disk of the 1st enclosure
on Areca RAID controller)
5、相关实例：
（1）、显示设备的身份信息，支持检查硬盘是否打开了SMART支持
smartctl -i /dev/sda
如果显示：SMART support is: Enabled，说明硬盘支持SMART。
（2）、开启硬盘支持SMART
smartctl --smart=on --offlineauto=on --saveauto=on
（3）、查看硬盘的健康状况：
[[email protected] ~]# smartctl -H /dev/sda smartctl 7.0 2018-12-30 r4883 [x86_64-Linux-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-18, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART Health Status: OK
（4）、显示设备SMART厂商属性和值
smartctl -A /dev/sda
（5）、显示硬盘历史错误信息。
smartctl -l error /dev/sda
（6）、硬盘自测：
[[email protected] ~]# smartctl --test=TEST /dev/sda smartctl 7.0 2018-12-30 r4883 [x86_64-Linux-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-18, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org =======> INVALID ARGUMENT TO -t: TEST =======> VALID ARGUMENTS ARE: offline, short, long, conveyance, force, vendor,N, select,M-N, pending,N, afterselect,[on|off] <======= Use smartctl -h to get a usage summary
（7）、显示硬盘测试信息
smartctl -l selftest /dev/sda
（8）、显示硬盘SMART的全部信息
[[email protected] ~]# smartctl -a /dev/sda smartctl 7.0 2018-12-30 r4883 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-18, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Vendor: VMware Product: Virtual disk Revision: 2.0 Compliance: SPC-4 User Capacity: 107,374,182,400 bytes [107 GB] Logical block size: 512 bytes LU is thin provisioned, LBPRZ=1 Device type: disk Local Time is: Tue May 4 10:11:07 2021 EDT SMART support is: Unavailable - device lacks SMART capability. === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === Current Drive Temperature: 0 C Drive Trip Temperature: 0 C Error Counter logging not supported Device does not support Self Test logging
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